At this point, we have established two distinct (meaning unrelated) lines of the Rader family, as well as five unrelated individuals. We will have to wait until more Raders, Roeders, etc. test before we can fill in their lineages.
The “Ancestral Signature” is a prediction of what the shared Rader ancestor’s genetic result would have been if tested. It is based on the results received thus far, but with small groups it is possible that some of the numbers predicted in the signature could be different.
The first line is the R1b. James and Earl Rader match exactly all the way out to 37 markers. You mentioned that you share a common ancestor 7-9 generations ago, depending on who you count back from. The test is supporting that connection, especially since a match at 37 markers means there is a 90% chance you share a common ancestor within 5 generations, 95% within 7 generations.
With a very common haplogroup like R1b, matching at the first 12 markers may not prove a definite connection to the group. If a person tests R1b and matches at the first 12, upgrading to 25 or 37 would be the best step to take to confirm the relationship, in addition to looking for connections in the genealogies. Mismatching more than one marker out of the first 12 shows they are disconnected.
The second group is in haplogroup I. I highlighted any mutational differences from the ancestral signature in pink. There are a relatively low number of differences between these individuals, and it looks like they may share a fairly recent common ancestor. Without additional samples we cannot tell who is more closely related to whom because none of them share the same mutations (unless some of the 25 marker or 37 marker values are shared mutations). As additional people test with us, we will begin to see multiple people with the same mutation, such as another person with a 30 at 389-2, which will connect him more closely to 17292 than to the other Raders of haplogroup I.
I placed the other five individuals in a group at the bottom, not because they are related to one another, but because they are all unrelated to anyone else in the group. click to see the Ancestral Signature chart referred to !
The Y chromosome is passed from father to son unchanged, except for a mutation about every 500 generations. Testing the Y chromosome will provide you with a genetic finger print consisting of 37 numbers. By comparing this finger print to others with your surname, you can determine if they are related.
The objectives of Surname Projects vary. Here are a few:
Often a Surname Project has multiple objectives, and the objectives may even change over the life of the project.
Most Surname Projects start with the objective to identify others who are related, and through out the project the other objectives are achieved simply as a result of the project.
To learn more about FTDNATiP, see:
"Understanding Your Results: Time to the Common Ancestor":
http://www.familytreeDNA.com/facts_genes.asp?act=show&nk=3.7
1. Find out if a Surname Project exists for your surname. Click on the link below to search our database of Surname Projects:
http://www.familytreeDNA.com/surname.asp
2. If a Surname Project hasn't been established for your surname, then use the email contact below to establish a Surname Project, or to discuss establishing a Surname Project:
bcg@familytreeDNA.com for Bennett Greenspan
The staff at Family Tree DNA would like to wish you and your family Best Wishes for the New Year.